Contribution Of Entrepreneurs And New Zealand Business...

Introduction The Investopedia defines the entrepreneur as a person who starts his own business by taking lot of risks. (Entrepreneur, 2014). Most of the large organisations around the world have been started by entrepreneurs. The contribution of entrepreneurs to a country’s business environment holds a high value. EY Entrepreneur of The Year Award s Director, Jon Hooper stated that â€Å"Successful entrepreneurs have an extraordinary passion, self-belief and that keeps them going when others might give up. Because of this, they are able to make a significant contribution to New Zealand’s economy and to the community by creating jobs, driving productivity, fuelling growth and inspiring others† (EY, 2014). Entrepreneurs are contributing in various ways to the business environment and some of them will be by providing employment, growing economy, innovating new technologies, creating market competitiveness and also by providing contributions to the society. Therefore, this essay is a critical evaluation of the contribution of entrepreneurs to the New Zealand business environment. Contribution to the New Zealand Employment According to the New Zealand treasury, nearly one out of 7 adults is an entrepreneur in New Zealand. Entrepreneurship always creates job opportunities for the educated qualified people as well as for the people who don’t have much education qualifications. Entrepreneurship is one of the factors to reduce unemployment rate in New Zealand. New Zealand’s TotalShow MoreRelatedContribution Of Entrepreneurship And New Zealand Business Environment2812 Words   |  12 Pages Surname KAUR First Name RAJINDER Student ID 2014002525 Name of Programme PG DIPLOMA IN BUSINESS ENTERPRISE Name of Paper GBE 802, ENTREPRENEURSHIP INNOVATION Facilitator FIONA TYRIE Assignment No. ASSESMENT -1 Total No. of pages Read MoreEntrepreneurs Are Not Made They Are Born2564 Words   |  11 PagesIntroduction Entrepreneur is the person who starts business individual and takes risk as he is the responsible for business success and fail. One who starts or assumes control of a business or other independent enterprise, often employing innovation and more than an ordinary degree of risk. Source: entrepreneur encyclopedia An individual who, rather than working as an employee, runs a small business and assumes all the risk and reward of a given business venture, idea, or good or service offeredRead MoreBusiness Analysis : New Zealand Essay3132 Words   |  13 Pages Entrepreneurship in business it means to start a business with unique idea and attempt to create value through recognition of business opportunity and then utilising that opportunity to the best. Entrepreneur is a person of very high aptitude who pioneers change, possessing characteristics found in only a very small fraction of the population. In simple words it means anyone who wants to work for himself or herself is considered to be an entrepreneur. ENTREPRENEURS ARE the main agents of changeRead MoreThe connection between entrepreneurship and small business.2002 Words   |  9 Pagesessay discusses the concepts of small business and entrepreneurship and relationship between them. We will try to define and explain the terms ?owner-manager? and entrepreneur, in other words who operate a small business enterprises. We also will examine the similarities and differences of these terms. From the outset it needs to be emphasized that while we will talk about the small business and entrepreneurship, these terms need to be defined. For small business there is still no single definitionRead MoreEngaging Doctorate Students Through Entrepreneurship Essay2410 Words   |  10 PagesStudents through Entrepreneurship Introduction New Zealand was ranked 18th in Global Innovation Index 2014 and 66th in efficiency ratio. This low ranking means we are not getting the results expected for increasing innovation compared to how much effort is being put in (Lanvin, 2014). For growth in science and technology through innovation to occur, there must be successful collaboration between universities, the Government and entrepreneurial driven business enterprises. Knowledge exchange must takeRead MoreThe Impact of International Tourism on Global Environmental Change1429 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction International tourism can now be recognised as one of the biggest contributing sectors for many countries’ GDP. Moreover, it has transformed them in many aspects such as economic, socio-culture, and environment. International tourism involves activity of inbound and outbound tourist of a country and resident or non-resident visitors within the country (World Tourism Organisation 2014). The World Tourism Organisation has predicted the growth of tourism activities to increase by an averageRead MoreAnalysis Of Les Mills New Zealand1418 Words   |  6 PagesMGMT 101 – LES MILLS Les Mills New Zealand (Les Mills) was started in 1968, they have pioneered many aspects of the modern fitness industry and are at the forefront worldwide. This report will discuss relevant management techniques and theories that relate to Les Mills current situation. ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR McGREGOR’S X AND Y THEORY McGregors X and Y theory are his model that he used to urge managers to move away from the set of assumptions he called Theory X (people dislike work, lack ambitionRead MoreCross Culture Platform And Heritage Theme Essay1466 Words   |  6 PagesBusiness Overview Cross Culture platform and heritage theme is most vital strategy of King darbar Hotel. King Darbar is new definition in field of hospitality with wide range of in-house services like Gymnasium, Restaurant, Spa, Swimming pool, Conference hall, Banquet Hall, Souvenir shop, Theme evenings, and Puppet shows. To be with time and to survive in cut throw competition, we will adopt most latest and advance technology. We are going to start King Darbar hotel is at Ahmedabad ,Guajarat. AhmedabadRead MoreA Brief Note On The Scholar Volunteer Navy Essay1627 Words   |  7 Pagesstudent Volunteer army, the Wellington SVA, and the Otago Polytechnic Scarified navy along with school scholars throughout New Zealand actively getting involved of their communities as occurred in Christchurch. â€Å"Having convergence on board following the 22 February earthquake used to be pivotal to the progress and success of the pupil Volunteer army. In the weeks following new Zealand`s worst common catastrophe, co nvergence provided the SVA with a communications consultant 24 hours a day at no price usRead MoreRole of Women Entrepreneurs in Agricultural Development: Problems and Prospects2611 Words   |  11 Pagesoptions and Entrepreneurial Opportunities Role of Women Entrepreneurs in Agricultural Development: Problems and Prospects Dr. C.S Arneja and Gaganpreet Kaur Dept. of Extension Education Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. ABSTRACT The emergence of entrepreneurs in agriculture and allied activities can propel our rural population into self sustaining individuals, who in turn can catalyze the development of economy. The concepts of entrepreneur and entrepreneurship have been frequently applied to

Thl8234 - Advanced Theory of Poetry - 1969 Words

2013 Study Unit: THL8234 (Advance Theory of Poetry) Assignment Number: 02 Part 1: Textual Analysis of Poetry Question 1: Sketching a Thatcher with metaphors It is certainly true that one of the distinguishing features of poetic texts is the use of figurative or non-literal language – this essay highlights the fact that metaphors do contribute to the understanding of a poem. Ted Hughes’ poem, Sketching a Thatcher, is loaded with vivid imagery and ample metaphorical constructions which aids to validate this fact. In order to uncover the message behind this poem, one must take a closer look at the arguments, focus expressions and tenor/vehicle constructions of at least six local metaphorical constructions†¦show more content†¦The argument â€Å"Lizard-silk† is qualified by the focus expression â€Å"his lizard-skinny hands†. This construction leads one to understand that the thatcher’s hands (tenor) are skinny (adjectival focus) like a lizard (vehicle/ argument), suggesting that the old man’s hands are dry, bony and battered from thatching roofs over the years. The interesting part of the c onstruction is the argument of â€Å"Lizard-silk†, as silk can be associated with qualities of smoothness and elegance, unlike a lizard. This might suggest that –although the old thatcher’s hands are dry and worn out from thatching roofs– he does his work with elegance and grace and makes sure that he does the job right. The sixth and final local metaphorical construction to be explored can be found in line twenty nine, â€Å"Suns have worn him, like an old sun-tool†. Instead of just using animals the poets makes use of nature to help portray the image of the old thatcher. The thatcher (tenor) has spent many a year thatching roofs under the heat of the sun, and has become tanned and rusty like his tools. There are ample metaphorical constructions to be explored in this poem; however, these six constructions are adequate in giving a clear description of the old thatcher and his way of life, thus proving how figurative language does contribute to the understanding ofShow MoreRelatedThl8234 - Advanced Theory of Poetry1985 Words   |  8 Pages2013 Study Unit: THL8234 (Advance Theory of Poetry) Assignment Number: 02 Part 1: Textual Analysis of Poetry Question 1: Sketching a Thatcher with metaphors It is certainly true that one of the distinguishing features of poetic texts is the use of figurative or non-literal language – this essay highlights the fact that metaphors do contribute to the understanding of a poem. Ted Hughes’ poem, Sketching a Thatcher, is loaded with vivid imagery and ample metaphorical constructions

Effects on Household Demand Coffee and Tea

Question: Discuss about the Effects on Household Demand for Coffee and Tea. Answer: Introduction It is well-known that, demand as well as supply is crucial ideas that are commonly utilized by the business firms to fulfill the demands of customers in an appropriate manner. These both are the key aspects in the area of economics. Moreover, demand and supply have a major effect on each other. They influence the demand and supply of a product or service in the marketplace. These both ideas assume a noteworthy part to choose the cost and amount of a specific item or product. The connection of free market activity is fundamental to decide the cost of an item in the commercial center. In addition to this, this research essay would be valuable to portray the main considerations that may have an impact on the demand and supply of a product or service in a market. With regards to this examination exposition, I might want to choose espresso as an item to depict the central point that may influence demand as well as supply of the chosen item. On the whole, this research essay would be helpf ul to increase the knowledge of the researchers about these important factors of the economics. Demand Supply In economic aspects, demand as well as supply of a good as well as service may impact by lots of elements. The main considerations that can influence demand and additionally supply of espresso in the Australia market are depicted as beneath: Cost of a Commodity: Beyond any doubt cost is a key component that influences demand and supply of a ware. Costs of products or services have an impact on the demand as well as supply side of an item. As per the law of interest, if the cost of an item raises then the supply of that item abatements and vice versa. For case in point, if espressos cost will drop off then the demand and supply of espresso will raise automatically in the Australian market. The principle explanation for it is that the diminished costs of an item instigate clients to purchase greater amount quickly (Griffith, OConnell and Smith, 2015). Price of Alternate Goods: This is additionally other central point that affects the demand and supply of a product. In the event that the substitute merchandise is accessible at the brought down value then individuals will pick the substitute items in inclination to their favored item. For instance, Tea, Postum, Qishr, Caro, and so on are the real substitutes of espresso (Hirschey and Bentzen, 2016). On the off chance that the cost of espresso is high in the nation then individuals will demonstrate their enthusiasm for the buy of its substitute merchandise. The increased demand of substitute products will reduce the demand and supply of espresso in the market. The decreased demand of espresso will boost the demand as well as supply of its alternate goods inside the country. Wage Level of Consumers: The pay level of customers is the other key component that influences demand and supply of a ware. An expanded pay level assumes a noteworthy part keeping in mind the end goal to build the demand of an item. The fundamental explanation for it is that, with the assistance of an expanded pay level, individuals turn out to be more ready to buy a product in the favored amount. An expanded wage level additionally increment the supply of an item in the market. It is a result of when the demand of the item will build then the supply of that item will likewise increment naturally (Mina, Lahr and Hughes, 2013). For instance, an expanded salary level of individuals will build the demand of espresso in the Australian market. It is a direct result of individuals will incline toward espresso rather than other substitute items that are low-valued in contrast with espresso. A diminished pay level will likewise impact the demand and supply of an item. For instance, abatement in the salary level of buyers will decrease the demand and supply of espresso in the commercial center. It is a direct result of, in this circumstance, the item would not be reasonable for the brought down pay individuals of the country. Rivalry: Competition is an imperative element that straightforwardly impacts the demand of an item/ware. There are a lot of coffee suppliers and therefore; there is a situation of high rivalry in the marketplace of Australia. On the off chance, if a firm diminishes its costs then the clients will buy its items instead of others. If a rival offers a different kind of espresso with new flavors tastes then individuals will definitely show their interests in new tastes in place of old tastes. Therefore rivalry is viewed as a central point that influences the demand and supply of an item with no uncertainty (Kolk, 2013). Preferences of Consumers: The tastes and inclinations of shoppers likewise impact the demand and supply of an item straightforwardly. In the event that clients don't perceive any adjustment in the essence of espresso and feel exhausted with a similar taste then they can move towards the other substitute result of espresso(Yohannes and Matsuda, 2016).. In addition, climate additionally influences the demand and supply of espresso. It is because of people generally preferred hot beverages in winter season instead of summer. As a result, the demand as well as supply of espresso will absolutely rise in the winter season. Hope of Price Change in Future: The chances of cost change in future have an effect on the current demand and supply of products or services. For instance, if costs of espresso will increment in future then individuals might want to store a tremendous amount of espresso. This will expand the demand of espresso in the marketplace (Hirschey, 2008). Conclusion On the premise of above study, it can be anticipated that, demand as well as supply is the most important aspects in the context of economics. These both concepts share a strong relationship. One concept influences another concept automatically. Along with this, it is also observed that, demand and supply influence the economic growth of the nations in both positive and negative manner. Additionally, there are various components including price, alternate goods price, wages level, rivalry, and so on that may impact demand as well as supply of a good or service in the marketplace. References Griffith, R., OConnell, M. and Smith, K. (2015). Relative prices, consumer preferences, and the demand for food. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 31(1), pp. 116-130. Available At: https://academic.oup.com/oxrep/article/31/1/116/433336/Relative-prices-consumer-preferences-and-the [Accessed On: 7th April 2017] Hirschey, M. (2008). Fundamentals of Managerial Economics. USA: Cengage Learning. Hirschey, M. and Bentzen, E. (2016). Managerial Economics. USA: Cengage Learning. Kolk, A. (2013). Mainstreaming sustainable coffee. Sustainable Development, 21(5), pp. 324-337. Available At: https://pure.uva.nl/ws/files/1550595/141906_SSRN_id1713977.pdf [Accessed On: 7th April 2017] Mina, A., Lahr, H. and Hughes, A. (2013). The demand and supply of external finance for innovative firms. Industrial and Corporate Change, 22(4), pp. 869-901. Available At: https://academic.oup.com/icc/article/22/4/869/754182/The-demand-and-supply-of-external-finance-for [Accessed On: 7th April 2017] Yohannes, M. F. and Matsuda, T. (2016). Weather Effects on Household Demand for Coffee and Tea in Japan. Agribusiness, 32(1), pp. 33-44.

The Superiority of Word Processor to Paper and Pencil an Example by

The Superiority of Word Processor to Paper and Pencil Paper and pencil was long ago the original means of documentation, the advent of electronics means in the late 1960s by IBM (International Business Machine) generated arguments on the economic implications to the manufacturers of paper and pencil. Despite the invention of easy documentation and swift processing to finishing hard copy, it is of note worthy that the importance of pencil and paper usage in documenting data is still of importance in the present world. Need essay sample on "The Superiority of Word Processor to Paper and Pencil" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Though some may insist that recording data with word processor is superior to pencil and paper, I still question the persistent flying around of paper and pencil in the country and even in nations abroad in terms of existence far back in the beginning, paper and pencil has been in use and its place so far has not been occupied with the advent of word processor. This simply emphasizes that the word of documentation can hardly do without the ancient material. Even the so called word processor would need manuscript collection before the final input to electronic word processor software in computer system. In this regard, word processor is somehow dependant on paper and pencil instructions from the author. The appreciation of the use of word processor on the other hand must be pronounced. Excellence in documentation in the recent world requires direct slotting of data into computer system right away without holding paper and pencil. I still argue that the time consumed in multiple exercise of thinking, typing and editing equate the time spend on word processor to manual writing. May be they are right anyway, since the paper and pencil application would still require the touch of electronic word processing before final produce into circulating copies. One wonders how long it will take to produce handy copy of speech presentation to thousand of audience in a conference. Weighing the two sides, my unbiased view would agree with the category of intellectuals that believe in the superiority of word processor to paper and pencil. Reference The New York Times, September 12, 1972

Effects of Guilt in Crime and Punishment

Effects of Guilt in Crime and Punishment GuiltGuilt is a force in all that has the ability to bring people to insanity. When guilt becomes great enough, the effects it has on people go much deeper than the surface. People's minds and body's are overpowered by the guilt that consumes them every second they live with their burden. The devastating effects of guilt are portrayed vividly in Dostoevsky's fictional but all to real novel Crime and Punishment. In the story, the main character Raskolnikov commits a murder and suffers with the guilt throughout. Eventually his own guilt destroys himself and he is forced to confess. Through Raskolnikov, Dostoevsky bestows on the reader how guilt destroys Raskolnikov's physical and mental well being, which, in time, leads to complete alienation from society.When one suffers with a great deal of guilt, their physical health quickly deteriorates. Raskolnikov's physical suffering begins shortly after the murder with delusions and nonsense ravings while constantly drifting in and out of real ity.Statue of Raskolnikov from Crime & Punishment in S...He often goes into a state of "not completely unconscious" but is in a "feverish state, sometimes delirious, sometimes half conscious"(98) while blaming it on his previous sickness. Raskolnikov is being destroyed by his guilt. He is unable to physically live in society while he has such a burden constantly looming over him. When in the police station, Raskolnikov hears talk of the murders and with just a reminder of his crime, he quickly becomes weak. When he "recovered consciousness"(88) the men at the station undoubtedly notice his illness and point out that "he can barely stand upright."(89) His guilt has driven him to a serious state of sickness. He can no longer function normally or even keep consciousness when he is reminded of his crime. Raskolnikov can no longer function normally because his guilt has destroyed...

The rise and fall of the famous Kommune 1

The rise and fall of the famous Kommune 1 Like in many other parts of the world, in Germany, the youths of the 60s seemed to be the first political generation. For many leftist activists, the generation of their parents was conventional and conservative. The Woodstock-like way of life that originated in the USA was a phenomenon in this era. Also, in the young West German republic, there was a wide movement of students and young academics who tried to break the rules of the so-called establishment. One of the biggest and best-known experiments in this time was the Kommune 1, the first German politically motivated commune.   The idea of establishing a commune with political issues first came up in the late 60s with the SDS, the Sozialistischer Deutscher Studentenbund, a socialist movement among students, and the Munich Subversive Action, a radical leftist group of activists. They discussed the ways to destroy the hated establishment. For them, the whole German society had been conservative and narrow-minded. Their ideas often appeared very radical and one-sided, just like the one they made about the concept of the commune. For the members of this group, the traditional nuclear family was the origin of fascism and, therefore, had to be destroyed. For those left activists, the nuclear family was seen as the smallest cellâ€Å" of the state where the oppression and the institutionalism originated. Besides, the dependence of men and women in one of those families would prevent both from developing themselves in a proper manner. The deduction of this theory was to establish a commune where everybody would only satisfy his or her own needs. The members should be interested in themselves and just live the way they like without any oppression. The group found a suitable apartment for their project: the author’s Hans Markus Enzensberger in Berlin Friedenau. Not all of those who helped to develop the idea moved in. Rudi Dutschke, for example, one of the best-known leftist activists in Germany, preferred to live with his girlfriend instead of really living out the idea of the Kommune 1. Whilst the famous progressive thinkers denied joining the project, nine men and women and one child moved there in 1967. To fulfill their dream of a life without any prejudices, they started with telling each other their biographies. Soon, one of them became something like a leader and patriarch and made the commune let down everything that would be a security like savings in money or food. Also, the idea of privacy and property was abolished in their commune. Everybody could do whatever he or she wanted as long as it happened among others. Besides all that, the first years of the Kommune 1 were very political and radical. Its members planned and made several political actions and acts of provocation in order to fight the state and the establishment. For example, they planned to throw pie and pudding at the vice president of the United States during his visit to West Berlin. Also, they appreciated the arson attacks in Belgium, which made them be more and more observed and even infiltrated by the German interior intelligence agency. Their special way of life was not only controversial among conservatives but also among leftist groups. The Kommune 1 was soon known for its very provocative and also egocentric actions and a hedonistic lifestyle. Also, many groupies came to the Kommune, which has moved inside of West Berlin many times. This soon also changed the commune itself and the way the members dealt with each other. While they were living in an abandoned fabric hall, they soon limited their actions to matters of sex, drugs, and more egocentrism. In particular, Rainer Langhans became famous for his open relationship with the model Uschi Obermaier. (Watch a documentary about them). Both sold their stories and photos to the German media and became iconic for free love. Nevertheless, they also had to witness how their housemates became more and more addicted to heroin and other drugs. Also, the tensions between the members became obvious. Some of the members were even kicked out of the commune. With the decline o f the idealistic way of living, the commune was raided by a gang of rockers. This was one of many steps that led to the end of this project in 1969. Besides all the radical ideas and egocentric manners, Kommune 1 is still idealized among some sectors of the German public. The idea of free love and an open-minded hippie lifestyle is still fascinating for many people. But after all these years, it seems that capitalism has just reached the former activists. Rainer Langhans, the iconic hippie, appeared on the TV show Ich bin ein Star – Holt mich hier raus in 2011. Nevertheless, the myth of Kommune 1 and its members still lives on.

Journals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Journals - Essay Example This makes me provide my readers with information that was not fully factual. Amy Tan’s situation regards the notion of acceptance being through similarity. In this case, the situation leads to the conflict regarding accepting a personality that define an individual or unhappy with oneself because of an individual’s personality. In this case, Amy finds herself in a compromising situation that leads to a struggle. In this struggle, Amy can both sacrifice her identity and pick the identity of another person, or something that does not define the person. In effect, she struggles to determine how to fit in and find acceptance and forgetting her personality. The outcome to this struggle and the situation is that Amy is embarrassed of herself, her family, and her heritage. She cannot appreciate her heritage, but she is embarrassed since she wants to please Robert, which makes her thoughts about diversity blurred. Eventually, the outcome is that Tan was unable to appreciate who she was as she struggled to fit into the Western culture. In this case, she forgoes her traditions, the food, components of her culture, and the festivities that had defined her

Business Planning and Forecasting Research Paper

Business Planning and Forecasting - Research Paper Example 2008 48 51 21 34 i. Scatter Diagram: As the data describes sales for each season for a particular year, with no sign of any multiplicative or exponential jump, therefore the additive model should be used to analyze the data. The main reason is the progression, which is quite straight-forward, as compared to multiplicative plotting, which is more exponential, with later figures of comparatively much higher values. ii. Moving Average for Calculation of Trend: For the calculation of moving averages, the process is done in a way such that each season's moving average has been calculated with the data provided of the past 3 years. The moving averages for each season are as follows. iii. Seasonal Indices: Year Quarter Original Values(Y) 4 Figures Moving Total 4 Figures Moving Average 2 Figures Moving Total 2 Figures Moving Average(T) Ratio-to-Moving Average(%)(Y)/ (T)*100 (Seasonal Indices) 2006 1 46 2 53 3 18 4 33 150 37.5 2007 1 52 156 39 76.5 38.25 47.05882353 2 47 150 37.5 76.5 38.25 86.2745098 3 20 152 38 75.5 37.75 137.7483444 4 39 158 39.5 77.5 38.75 121.2903226 2008 1 48 154 38.5 78 39 51.28205128 2 51 158 39.5 78 39 100 3 21 159 39.75 79.25 39.625 121.1356467 4 34 154 38.5 78.25 39.125 130.3514377 iv. Trend Extension: The trend for 2009 is calculated by first formulating a regression formula for the new values using the given data. The methodology used is the Method of Least Squares, as follows: Quarter(X) Original...The main reason is the progression, which is quite straight-forward, as compared to multiplicative plotting, which is more exponential, with later figures of comparatively much higher values. For the calculation of moving averages, the process is done in a way such that each season's moving average has been calculated with the data provided of the past 3 years. The moving averages for each season are as follows. The initial scatter plot suggested that the autumn sales are the lowest of all the seasons. Also when we calculated the moving averages the result came that the seasonal variations in sales are smothered in the overall run. On this base the new sales figures for 2009 were calculated which were as given above. When the real values of the sales of the three brothers are seen and compared, taking one year at a time, then its is observed that when we take 2006 as a base year, we find that the sales figures for Dick was higher than his two brothers'. Also Rick's sales were better than Mick's, although the actual figures are lower. Mick's sales real values have been going continuously down, while those of Rick's have gone down only in 2008. For Dick, the real value of sales has been going up continuously.

Sport benifits Essay Example for Free

Sport benifits Essay Benefits Of Sports Improving A Stable Lifestyle And Teamwork Ability There are tons of people that say sports are good for you. Some might even get tired of hearing all the advantages of sports from different people touting the benefits on tv. Whether its from an athlete, a physician, or an ordinary individual, the benefits of sports cannot be denied. Lets explore each sports benefits and see how they affect our lives and how they give a better lifestyle for those who do regular sports activity. One of the obvious benefits of sports would be the health benefits. Its a fact that sports are the best methods in losing and maintaining weight. Performing exercise with sports help you burn than excess fat and calories in your body that in return makes you healthier. Although modern technology and methods allow artificial ways to remove fat such as liposuction and other medical procedures. These artificial ways cannot improve and strengthen vital organs of the body like how sport activities do. One of the specific system of the body that receives the greatest benefit would be your cardiovascular system which includes the heart. You muscles will also gain benefits as it becomes more developed thus making you stronger with more power and force. Lungs too will also gain benefits as your respiratory system gets stronger thus allows you to breath in thinner air. All of these things indeed make your body healthier thus should extend your life pass the average age. Theres no doubt about the health benefits of sports even if your ask an ordinary guy about it. Preventing various diseases is one of the best benefits of sports. Living healthy wards off diseases that are truly costly from medication to actual treatments and surgeries. To do so, start involving yourself in various sport activities whether its indoors or outdoors. Another benefits of sports is how various sport activities improve your being as a whole. Sports build up character in a way that is specifically unique to playing or doing a sport activity. Sports enhance your decision making abilities that might help in real life. Sports help you build patience and control even through extreme pressures. There are so many values that sports can teach an individual such as perseverance, honesty, obedience, and so many others. All of these are enhanced as one involves themselves in sports specially when the activity involves other people. Lastly, benefits of sports also include how these activities help you get socialized with people. You can say that sports are also good for the soul. Many can gain friends by involving themselves in sport activities that involves other people. There are many group sports to mention such as: marathons, baseball, soccer, and others. Even just watching sports on television along with friends is enough to get you socializing with other people which is good for you. No matter how you look at sports, advantages of sports will never be denied and will continue to play an important role in everyones life.

Europeans and Disease: Allies in Conquering Continents :: European Europe History

Europeans and Disease: Allies in Conquering Continents Chinese proverb claims that the rat is the most clever and strongest survivor of all animals. The rat proved itself in the beginning of time when god held a race for all of his animals; the rat was clever enough to hide in the ear of a large beast, and at the last second he leapt out of the beast's ear and crossed the finish line before the beast. Disease tells a similar history, in which it has been able to spread itself through out the entire world, through the naà ¯ve and unknowing help of humans and animals. Earlier in history, Europe seemed to be an epicenter for disease. This was rooted in the fact that the Europeans, more so than any other population, lived intimately with their livestock. Farmers and the surrounding aggregate nations survived harsh winters and hot summers where it was necessary to share indoor space with animals. Additionally, they had excessive contact with them and little understanding of what hubs of nastiness their fury friends were or what control centers for disease they themselves would become. Humans have historically shown a deep affinity for livestock and continue to do so, currently, in New Zealand there are more sheep kept than there are people on the island. In fact, in some cases, people seemed to have developed such a tenderness for their animals that they resort to practicing bestiality. Several common human diseases are closely related to animal diseases. Smallpox developed from cowpox and measles is closely related to rinderpest (another bovine dise ase). But whether it is through cuddling, milking or whipping our animals, we have managed to remain intimately involved over the centuries; and disease has lovingly appreciated it by spreading itself far and wide. The populations of the American continents however, did not experience the same spread of disease that the Europeans did. They kept almost no domestic animals. Consequently, their immune systems had few antibodies developed to combat even the weakest strings of disease. Also, they did not live in crowds the way that Europeans did. Early in the middle ages the Europeans had not only settled and become dependent on their agriculture and livestock, but they had developed large cities like London where thousands of people lived in close quarters, and had given little thought to the disposal of waste. Native Americans did live in tribes but did not have permanent living quarters that compared to the size of some of the European cities.

Dusk at Dell

Executive Summary This case analysis report focuses on the declining market share faced by Dell, Inc. (â€Å"Dell†, the â€Å"Company†) and recommendations are given as to where the Company needs to alter its strategy at a business level as well as a corporate level. Broad recommendations include foraying into the retail space at a more aggressive pace, laying greater impetus in fast emerging markets such as China and India, and focusing more on R&D efforts in order to ensure that higher levels of innovation are achieved by the Company. Introduction Dell, Inc. (â€Å"Dell†, the â€Å"Company†) is a multinational company that specializes in the development, manufacture, marketing and servicing of computers and computer related products. Dell has been one of the most successful firms in the computer industry, having achieved supernormal revenue growth and above average returns for several years spanning the mid 1990’s to the mid 2000’s. This was mainly due to their prowess in customizing products as per customer requirements, coupled with effective manufacturing and supply chain processes. The Company encourages little or no intervention from distributors and middlemen, and majority of all sales are based on a direct customer relationship business model. The firm’s resources focused on supply chain capabilities, with frequent inventory turnover and direct delivery emerging as Dell’s core competencies. At the time when Dell established these core competencies, they were valuable, rare and were not easy to imitate, therefore allowing the Company to build a sustainable competitive advantage. More recently, industry dynamics have rapidly changed and competitive rivalry has also intensified to a very large extent. The external environment has changed significantly and demographic factors, coupled with economic indicators such as large disposable incomes that is now available to a greater number of people in emerging countries has transformed the way that Companies formulate their strategies within the computer industry. Dell’s strategy has not changed in tandem with the external environment, and as a result, the Company has been losing market share in the last few years. The computer industry is characterized by standard cycle to fast cycle markets, and constant innovation is required to ensure that firms continue to earn above average returns. This case study analysis report will outline Dell’s existing strategy and will then explore the new strategic options that are desirable for the Company. As Dell is a global player and has operations all over the world, specific strategies will be formulated from a region wise perspective. The product categories that are proving to be winners for the Company will also be considered and analysed in depth. Specifically, this report will be presented in the following format: †¢Dell will be analysed in relation to its two biggest competitors i. e. Hewlett-Packard (HP) and Lenovo, and suggestions will be given as to where Dell will need to place strategic thrust in the future. †¢The three major geographic segments in which the Company is present viz. The Americas; Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA); and Asia Pacific Japan (APJ) will be analysed in depth and relevant business strategies and diversification strategies will be expounded upon. The future course of action the Company should undertake will be presented. †¢The report will use the above analyses to provide recommendations to the Company in terms of product categories that are most desirable, regions that need to be focused on in the future, what new core competencies the Company should develop, and the overall direction that strategic leadership needs to take in the future. Competitor Analysis Dell’s major competition comes from two other computer related behemoths i. e. HP and Lenovo. Dell is no longer the market leader as it had once been. HP has overtaken Dell as the largest PC manufacturer in the world. HP achieved this distinction from Q3 2006, and in 2007 had 18. 8 percent global shipments for that year. All three Companies have a market share in similar regions and competitive rivalry and dynamics are based on the actions and responses initiated by each other. The following table presents a snapshot of product categories, market share, main customer segments, and product innovations of the world’s major players in the computer industry: Table 1: Competitor Analysis of Dell, HP, IBM, Lenovo and Others CategoryDellHPIBMLenovoOthers Product CategoriesDell is present in all the computer related categories from desktops to PC’s and servers. The original leader in printers and scanners, HP is the world’s largest computer manufacturerAfter its sale of its Laptop and PC division IBM, concentrates on its server market and providing IT solutionsAfter its purchase of IBM, Lenovo has become one of the world largest PC manufacturers. This compromises of Acer who is a large player and other large as well as smaller companies within similar segments. Market Share worldwideDell fell to 14. 6% during Q3 200719. % as on third quarter 2007 IBM is now in the server marketLenovo at 8. 1% Acer at 7. 9% Main Customer SegmentsDell targets large corporates and now needs a retail pushHP has its share across the whole spectrum of customers and thus has the lead it enjoys. IBM concentrates on the server segments and is still behind HP in terms of overall volumesLenovo targets corporate and retail segments and has seen succ essful in the retail segment due to strong brand value and recall of â€Å"Thinkpad† brand Acer is a pc and laptop manufacturer concentrating on corporate and retail segments. Product InnovationWill be explained belowHP has made strides in its targeting specific segments with innovative products. Its recent campaign for corporates stresses lighter and more powerful laptops, better battery life etc. For retail and home consumers it stresses media features and family friendly options. IBM is a server market leader and targets the segment accordingly. Lenovo has been trying similar strategies like HP in creating different products for the two segments of corporates and home users. Acer and other similar brands follow a customised strategy as well. As can be seen from the above table, a lot of Companies provide a host of products and services that are similar in nature. This intensifies the competitive rivalry, and the set of actions and responses taken lead to enhanced competitor dynamics within the industry. Moving forward, it is essential that Dell positions itself as a player that pays attention to the changes in the external environment and builds new core competencies accordingly. For example, the number of computer users in China and India is very low, and these countries are expected to present immense potential to the computer manufacturers. Furthermore, retail sales can form a major potential client base. As mentioned in our SWOT analysis (Appendix 1), Dell has been traditionally weak in acquiring mass customers in the retail category and moving forward, the Company should consider it to be a key initiative that forms a vital part of its strategic mission and intent in the years to come. The retail model would be to offer the customer the products and showcase the flexibility of Dell’s customisation and they can take the order and book the same on their online channels. Internet accessibility is still limited to millions of Indians, who rely on cyber cafe’s for internet access. Additionally, acquiring broadband connectivity in Indian homes is still some distance away. However, recent aggressive pushes by local telecom companies is bringing broadband to homes and is seeing phenomenal success and herein lies Dell’s opportunity to capture the segment with an established retail format. It must be noted that the Company has tapped into a retail strategy and has recently been featuring their â€Å"Studio† range and â€Å"Adamo† Range designs in retail outlets. As of December 2007, Dell’s focus was to open up to 10,000 retails stores worldwide. This is a required growth strategy and vital to its success. With reference to product categories, it is becoming increasingly apparent that notebook sales are outperforming desktops. This should be aligned with Dell’s competitive strategy and strong focus should be on selling notebooks in the international markets. The Company should look at offering the best functionality in this range of products to cater to the rising younger segment that don’t shy away from increased features and are ready to pay the price for them. The Company is realizing that product differentiation is becoming essential and hopes to launch unique products that will create ‘product lust’ amongst its consumers. A recent product launch includes a new mp3 player called â€Å"zing† which Dell wants to focus on and improve growth. The product is expected to compete with Apple’s iconic iPod. Although Dell possesses a significant advantage with regard to cost savings because of its direct customer model, it must be aware that its competitors are catching up and the relative gain it had is slowly diminishing. Region wise and Product Wise Strategic Analysis of Dell Dell’s continued success for many years was largely attributable to its Cost Leadership Strategy. The Company’s focus was not on R&D and innovation, but instead relied on standards based technologies. Furthermore, the Company does not necessarily look for first mover advantage either. Instead, the strategy has been to wait till the market or product category is ripe for commoditization. Once the innovation is commoditized, the Company offers more cost effective versions, enabled by supplier JIT and customer conjoint. For example, the customer builds their own computer on the Dell website and thus only pay for what they value, while Dell gets real-time information on consumer demand and preferences. The above mentioned approach has delivered consistent results to Dell both from a strategic as well as a financial perspective. In order to assess whether this approach can continue to yield positive results in the future warrants a region and product wise analysis. The same is as follows. Dell has divided it’s regions into three distinct parts: †¢The Americas †¢EMEA (Europe, Middle East and Africa) APJ (Asia Pacific and Japan) Each of these regions is discussed below: Dell in the Americas Consumer preferences in the American region are rapidly changing and the computer and technology market is becoming increasingly saturated. Higher levels of product innovation, coupled with sleek designs and efficient performance have become the benchmarks for the players catering to these markets. C ustomers are showing a higher level of buying power, as many alternatives are available to them (For further details, please refer to the five forces analysis presented in Appendix 2). Although it was the cost leadership strategy that proved so successful for Dell in the Americas, it’s slowly losing ground. In sum, Dell has been so successful in the past because †¢Of a strong initial lead in cost leadership, and also in quality (e. g. driving down the number of human touches to the computer to drive down defects) and ordering/upgrading convenience, and †¢It does not rest on its laurels (considering (1) a ‘sustainable' competitive advantage), but continues to ‘run faster than competitors' on both dimensions. It must be noted that although Dell largely focused on cost leadership strategy, it employed the differentiation theory as well. The Company did this by better ordering/service, better relations with businesses through open standards that allow easy change and upgrades etc. For players in this region to thrive and sustain a competitive advantage, it’s important that no one business level strategy is solely focused upon. For example, a pure differentiator may become unreasonably expensive as the market matures. On the flipside, too much emphasis on cost leadership will allow for other Companies to capture market share through innovation. Furthermore, the emergence of low cost regions such as China and India may prove to be a hindrance to a Company striving to be a cost leader in the Americas. In lieu of this, it’s advisable that Dell adopts an Integrated Cost Leadership/ Differentiation strategy for this region. This is a hybrid strategy that is becoming more important as competition intensifies. Through this strategy, firms are able to improve their ability to: †¢Adapt quickly to environmental changes. Learn new skills and technologies fast. †¢More effectively leverage core competencies across business units and product lines. †¢Produce products with differentiated features that customer’s value and provide these differentiated products at a low cost. In terms of product focus, Dell has to continue its focus on XPS PC to effectively conquer competition. It†™s now become inevitable that Dell should spend significant amount on R&D to stay ahead in the game. The other change should be the move to laptop segment and offer differentiation there. That’s where the future growth exists in this region for Dell. The corporate growth depends strongly on the server, storage and networking segment. The corporate customers too want more for less and therefore the IT Services and solution segment needs to be exceptionally strong for Dell. The Company must also give increased importance to staying ahead of competitors in terms of the product cycle. Historically, Dell’s presence especially in the PC market has been from the growth stage till the maturity phase and it’s reaped the benefits. However, the PC market is on its decline and there are serious alternatives that need to be considered. Dell now has to keep abreast of market developments to ensure that it participates in a product lifecycle from Introduction stage. From a diversification perspective, it can be seen that Dell is a very well known brand in the Americas and it enjoys tremendous recall and brand equity. Keeping this in mind, it might be desirable for the Company to undertake unrelated diversification in this region. Dell might benefit from moving into other sectors within the same macro industry. Examples could include digital content, other areas of media and entertainment etc. Dell in the APJ region The Asia Pacific area forms a powerful region for Dell’s growth. It’s been projected that a significant part of Dell’s growth story in the 21st century would be attributed to its presence in this region. Currently, Dell is already said to be as big as a Fortune 300 Company in this region alone. The APJ region is divided in three parts as follows: †¢One is the Pacific Rim which includes Australia, NZ and based in Singapore. This also covers the area of Southeast Asia. †¢The other big propellant of growth is China and India. †¢The third part is Japan (including Korea). The strategic thrust to be given by the Company cannot be the same for the entire region. Each sub region will have its own specific strategy that is best suited for it. While Japan, Australia, NZ (Including Singapore) are mature markets for Dell, China and India are the upcoming markets for the company. The strategy used and recommended for the Americas would work well for Dell in Japan, Australia, NZ and Singapore area given it’s existent base in the region. The strategy in China and India has to be different. Here the customer is still very cost conscious. As the statistics show that in China there are only 5. computers per 100 inhabitants and in India there are 1. 4 computers per 100 inhabitants. Clearly, combined, this will be the biggest computer market in the world in time to come; any company can’t afford to call itself a global player without having a significant presence in this region. We recommend Focused Cost Leadership strategy for Dell in this region and do believe that it’d do well by reaching out to the customers by opening retail outlets across the region for the following reasons: †¢Usage of credit cards is still extremely low in this region. †¢People prefer to get the touch and feel of the product before buying it. Confidence on internet buying is not high. †¢Internet itself is not widespread in the region therefore can’t become a powerful sales channel in the short term. In terms of product, Dell would still do well by focusing on elementary PC products and laptop products in this region. Although there will be a niche number of customers in the high end segments, the masses are not yet ready to embrace products like the XPS, in China and India. The threat Dell faces is from a number of local players, there are a lot of players here who can do what Dell did in 1984 i. e. reate a new PC through reverse engineering processes. Dell has to find a way to match the prices through its JIT, supply chain an d process improvements. From a diversification perspective, Dell would do well by focusing on related diversification – A strategy in which an organization operates in several different businesses, industries or markets that are somehow linked. This is already apparent in the current business mix of the Company, and the revenue growth in the segments such as IT services and storage services stand testimony to the fact that related diversification is desirable. Dell’s in the EMEA region Dell’s presence in Europe too dates back to over 15 years. Dell set up its first manufacturing plant in Ireland in 1990 and later created another unit in Poland in 2006. EMEA, because of various languages, cultures and profiles is a very complex region to manage. Each country/ sub region is at a different stage of maturity and therefore it’s recommended that Dell goes with Integrated cost leadership/ differentiation strategy in this region too. Dell is synonymous to cost leadership strategy in the computer industry and therefore it simply can’t afford to lose that advantage. What’s needed is additional focus on quality and R&D to deliver differentiation for customers and to stay ahead in the game. On the product front, quite like in the America’s, Dell must start focusing on Data Centre Solution division set to simplify IT complexities and address needs of an emerging cloud computing market. It must be noted that Dell in 2008 announced the expansion of the data centre solutions business unit in EMEA, further developing the company’s solutions and services capabilities in the region. This has to be the next step in Dell’s strategy for the fast emerging cloud computing market following the successful launch and subsequent customer adoption of DCS last year. On the product front, it is advisable that Dell’s strategy focuses on differentiation. It is especially relevant for the Company to focus on the corporate segment of customers and give impetus to its IT services and solutions. On the diversification front, for a complex market like EMEA we recommend Related – Constraint Diversification. Moderate to high level of diversification is when the firm generates less than 70% of its sales revenue from its core business and when the businesses have products, technological or distribution linkages. Recommendations This next section of the report will focus on the above presented analyses, and recommendations will be given to Dell. The recommendations will provide feasible suggestions that can be used by the Company in the future. The recommendations are as follows: †¢The Company should look to aggressively pursue and build upon its existing retailing strategy. They can do this by collaborating with both bricks and mortar retailers as well as internet based e-tailers. Furthermore, the Company can also look at diversifying into retail and setting up their own single brand stores. Bricks and mortar stores will be especially relevant in India and China, where online retailing is till at a nascent stage. Dell has already initiated its retail strategy in India where its products are showcased in the â€Å"Croma† store as one example. More such initiatives need to develop for the Company to be able to penetrate the masses. The â€Å"touch and feel† aspect is very important to customers in India and China and is an integral part of their buying process. A slightly different strategy is proposed to attract customers in these regions. Dell customers can enter a Dell store, customise their products with a Dell representative who would be connected to Dell’s systems, and work with the customer to arrive at a personalised and tailo red product. This will keep in line with Dell’s strong manufacturing chain and the order can be closed within the store itself. Additionally, credit card penetration and internet access is low in developing countries. In physical retail stores, Dell can accept cash and close the sale, as this will be more beneficial to customers who prefer to transact with cash as opposed to credit cards. †¢The Company needs to provide new products with differentiating factors. Standards based technology is not the order of the day anymore. Dell needs to focus on more scanning, monitoring, forecasting and assessing of the external environment so that they are able to spot new trends and capitalize on it. The deterministic component of the external environment has also changed, and Dell needs to keep the larger general framework in mind. The Company needs to look to make changes within its internal environment as well. Resources need to be mobilized to build up R&D capabilities. Innovation has proven to be a core competency for other major players such as HP, and Dell needs to respond by launching large R&D initiatives so that they can innovate as well. This is especially relevant in developed countries, where standards based technology is getting increasingly saturated. Dell can perhaps look to spend at least 5% of their revenues on R&D expenditure (In 2006, it was just 0. 8% compared to HP’s 3. % and Apple’s 3. 7%). †¢Dell needs to focus more on marketing initiatives to reach out to the younger generation of customers. This segment presents immense potential that the Company is currently not tapping. A dedicated sales and marketing team needs to be established, and there is a need for a Chief Marketing Officer as well. †¢Dell could establish extensive CRM programs, where the customers get qu ick and timely feedback in relation to a problem. Don’t compromise on the training of the workers that are honed in order to handle queries and complaints. The Company must make sure each query is handled by skilled personnel who are well aware of the nature of the problems. †¢The Company could concentrate more on product categories that are growing fast and capitalize on these. For example, Dell needs to pay attention to the storage and IT service categories because they offer promising growth in the future, although they don’t make up a bulk of the revenues right now. As IT services are the fastest growing revenue earner for the Company, Dell might choose to diversify or expand in this area and go beyond just IT infrastructure. The Company can look to expand its footprint by continuing to acquire companies that form a part of their strategic agenda. Synergistic fits can be exploited and tapped, and strategic acquisitions, joint ventures and other alliances will give Dell the opportunity to pursue aggressive growth through inorganic means. †¢Dell should look at going beyond the metros and major cities in China and Indi a. There are hundreds of secondary cities within these two countries that present immense potential that must be tapped. The Company should aim to focus more on the masses, as opposed to large businesses and SOE’s. Providing strategic leadership is extremely imperative for Dell if it’s to continue on its quest in sustaining competitive advantage. The Company should look to boost employee morale by focusing on more HRM practices. More initiatives like Tell Dell need to be incorporated. The organizational culture needs to be nurtured so that employees feel motivated to work in the Company. Conclusion: Dell has been a major force to reckon with and has established a position of leadership in the computer industry because of its inherent advantages in supply chain management, effective distribution systems, and lean manufacturing processes. The Company is now looking to take its sustained competitive advantage to the next level. However, in order to do so, there are certain strategic adjustments that the Company must consider to avoid becoming a laggard. The key to ensuring that the Company will continue to lead the way in the industry is for it to conduct a thorough analysis of the external as well as internal environment and see where the strategic intent has to change. This report outlines the areas in which the Company needs to focus on to consolidate and continue earning above average returns.

Government and Ethics Essay

Ethics is the study of what is right and what is wrong. In our daily lives were continuously forced to make simple and important decisions. Ethics help to guide people’s behavior and assist them in coming to conclusions. There is not an exact rule to what is morally correct because some people view things differently but by having a general since of what is ethically appropriate it can help a society function in a civilized manner. The role of government in ethics, and the role of ethics in government are very important concepts in forming that civilized society. In a society there are laws and there are ethics; however there is a considerable difference between the two you cannot have one without the other. Laws are what the government determines right and wrong. Ethics are what the majority of society determines as appropriate. The laws of a society can only state what a person can and cannot do. But they do not cover the in between. Ethics cover the gray areas and indicate what is accepted in a society. Ethics are personal laws they help people make the choice between what is morally right and wrong. Morals help to make a society more civilized and stable. Even though there is a strong distinction between ethics and laws you cannot have one without the other. Laws are not possible without ethics. In the textbook Thinking Critical about Ethical Issues author Ruggiero states, â€Å"The only way for a law to be enacted or repealed is for one or more people to make a decision about right and wrong. That has always been true, whether the lawmaker was the chieftain of a nomadic band or tribe, a king or queen, or a group of elected officials† (Ruggerio, 2008). To determine what is unlawful lawmakers need determine what is moral or immoral. The majority of people in a society determine ethical values. But the idea of majority rule can be very dangerous when determining what is ethically correct. In many cases the majority does not specifically base their decision based on what is morally right or wrong. So in return the majority’s choice is not always perfect, and in many cases can be very ignorant. In a lot of occasions the majority rule often equals mob rule. People often forget to determine what is morally sound for the masses and instead determine what is right for them. Majority rule can also influence lawmakers. Laws are determined by what the masses determine as right or wrong. A good example of when majority rule was not necessarily right is that of slavery. The greater part of society believed that slavery was ethical, and that above all the right to do. And because people thought slavery was right laws portrayed these thoughts. Even though slavery hurt the minority the laws were still in place. Majority rules can infringe on an individuals rights. In many instances the idea of the majority rule needs to be altered to guarantee that the rights of the minority are still being represented. Everyone has obligations whether it is to our family, friends, or employer. Just like individuals the government has obligations to the people that it is serving. In the textbook Thinking Critically about Ethical Issues author Ryan Ruggerio defines obligations as, â€Å"restrictions on our behavior, demands to do something or to avoid doing it† (Ruggerio, 2008). The government is obligated to be fair and just. The laws that are being determined by the officials need to be sure that they are not infringing on others rights. Besides the government as a whole the elected officials have a personal obligation to the citizens that they serve. They need to be sure that they are behaving appropriately. That their decisions are made based on what is good for the community or country that they are making decisions for. Voters put their trust into these individuals, they vote for them based on the thought that they will serve our country in a morally appropriate manner and make ethical decisions that will better us and the world we live in. Obligations can be difficult and sometimes conflicting especially when dealing with moral issues that will affect such a large majority of people. Sometimes when deciding on a law the answer may not be so clear-cut. More than one obligation can exist in any given situation. When obligations are conflicting in governmental situations it is important to analyze the decision in question. The options and consequences must be weighed. It is crucial to look at the situation and the morals that will be involved. What options do lawmakers have when making this important choice? With every moral situation there are options on what different can be taken. The second step is to consider how the choice will affect others. Governmental decisions need to consider how it will affect every individual in the society not just one specific group. Besides make sure the decision is lawful for all it is important to try and understand how the individuals in the society will feel and their thoughts about a given situation. Lawmakers have that obligation to their voters. It is not about doing what is solely right for the government but about doing is ethically correct for everyone. It is important to consider the trickle down affect. If the government makes a certain decision than this may happen, and in return than maybe this. It is crucial to understand the broad consequences as well. And what the longer-term effects will be on the society as a whole. The government has an obligation to the citizens in the society, but I believe the citizens also have an obligation to the government and to each other. In Thinking Critically about Ethical Issues author Ryan Ruggerio states, â€Å"The United Nations’ Declaration of Human Rights contains similar references to rights. It begins, for example, by declaring that â€Å"human rights should be protected by the rule of law† and goes on to say that all human beings â€Å"should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood† (Ruggerio, 2008). Most ethical issues deal with how something makes us feel and fulfilling our personal or humanistic needs and desires. It is crucial for individuals to be informed about the decision or opposition they are taking. This insures that what you are preaching or voting on is something that you truly believe in. In many cases it is about the individual or a group of individuals giving lawmakers the ideas in order to create positive change. Change can happen because of a leader in the community. This idea can be sometimes pose problems. It can be difficult because the majority does not specifically base their decision based on what is morally right or wrong. So in return the majority’s choice is not always perfect, and in many cases can be very ignorant. In a lot of occasions the majority rule often equals mob rule. People often forget to determine what morally sound for the masses and instead determine what is right for them. If you follow the â€Å"mob† you are not thinking for yourself. In return you are not standing up for what you believe is morally correct and you may be following a negative concept or idea. While meeting their obligations governmental officials must write and past laws for the people in the society. When establishing new laws lawmakers need to go a little further and consult the ethical ideas of the society. If they did not have this concept of what is morally correct laws would not have a strong influence on individual behaviors. It would fail to connect with the people in the society in return not hold much weight. Making many laws ignored by the society. In order to form laws we need a sense of what is deemed morally correct by the culture we are creating them for. The first step governmental officials must do when making a decision for the society is to find and be aware of the problem that they are trying to fix. The second step in the decision making process towards a high-quality choice is to analyze the problem and its causes. During this process they must ask questions to find the real root of your problem. In the textbook Applying Psychology author Andrew J. Dubrin states, â€Å"Many decisions prove to be poor decisions because the underlying or true problem was not resolved† (Durbin, 2004). Lawmakers must be able to understand what is going on so that you can properly guide your actions. Once they have fully looked at every aspect of the problem it is important to search for creative alternatives. This is crucial in order for them to make appropriate decision for everyone in the society. Poor decisions are often made when this is not done. With more choices lawmakers will be able to come to a wiser conclusion. Once they have thought of possible choices a decision must be made on the one that best suits the masses. It is imperative to think of the pros and cons of all the alternatives that had previously been thought of. Each one should be thought of with the same amount of deliberation, so that it can be sure that the right choice has been made. Lawmaker’s then implement the decision that has been made. One of the most important steps in lawmaking comes at the end of the decision making process. The final step is to evaluate the decision that has been made. Lawmakers must look at what they have decided and see if the results are what had been expected. If they are not happy with the solution and it is not working properly for the individuals that it was made for than they might have a new problem on their hands and have to start to work through the steps of problem solving again to find a new answer to the issue. Reflection is also a way to evaluate a law decided on so that you officials can strengthen any weaknesses so they will be ready when they are faced with a new problem that needs solving. After laws have been instituted it is important to ensure that the lawmakers are also behaving morally appropriate. We as voters exercise our ethical choices every time we go to the polls and vote for our appointed officials. But what is holding them responsible for behaving in an ethical manner after they have already won an election. After the Watergate Scandal in 1978 the Ethics in Government Act was put into affect. The Ethics in Government Act forced restrictions on finances of government officials and lobbyist. After this act was passed the Office of Government Ethics was established. This agency is a branch of the executive government. It helps to prevent and determine resolutions to problems existing within in this branch of government. The agency puts responsibility on government employees and helps to stop divergence in interests. Within the Office of Government Ethics there is four different subdivisions. Ethics help to guide people’s behavior and assist them in coming to conclusions. There is not an exact rule to what is morally correct because some people view things differently but by having a general since of what is ethically appropriate it can help a society function in a civilized manner. The role of government in ethics, and the role of ethics in government are very important concepts in forming that civilized society. The government as a whole and its elected officials has an obligation to make morally appropriate decisions for every individual in the society.

Periods of Musical Movements

Periods of Musical Movements Name of the periods of musical movementsTime periods of musical movementsHow are these periods part of social changes?Major streamsSub streamsOrigin and end of various sub streamsBaroque1600-1750The Baroque period showed the change in the characterisation of architecture and design. The profound political and social changes that succeeded the Renaissance Era led to the creation of quite different styles in the arts, particularly in Baroque music.Baroque versus Renaissance styleBaroque versus classical styleEarly BaroqueMiddle BaroqueLate BaroqueEarly Baroque (1600-1654)1 (refer to appendix)Middle Baroque (1654-1707)2Late Baroque (1680-1750)3ClassicalAbout 1770-1830Classical music was strongly linked to the court culture and absolutism, with its formality and emphasis on order and hierarchy. The social world of music had seen dramatic changes: international publication and touring had grown explosively, concert societies were beginning to be formed, notation had been made more specifi c, more descriptive, and schematics for works had been simplified.Renaissance ClassicismAge of Classicism - visual arts, architecture and literatureBeginnings of the Classical StyleEarly Classical StyleMiddle Classical StyleLate Classical StyleBeginnings of the Classical Style (1730-1760)4Early Classical Style (1760-1775)5Middle Classical Style (1775-1790)6Late Classical Style (1790-1825)7Major composersComposers' sources of influenceComposers' musical impactComposers' styles and characteristicsComposers' cultural and social impactsBaroque periodHenry PurcellPurcell's sources of influence were the style of palace, and the court systems of manners and arts, which Louis XIV of France fostered. This became the model for the rest of Europe.Purcell was a fluid composer who was able to shift from simple anthems and useful music such as marches, to grandly scored vocal music for the stage. His great keyboard pieces influenced later composers.Purcell had a...Baroque !

Writing introductions and endings to grab attention and leave an impression

Writing introductions and endings to grab attention and leave an impression Writing intros and endings We remember firsts and lasts much more than we remember in betweens. Most people can remember their first day at school, or what they had for dinner last night, for example. Thats why introductions and conclusions are perhaps the two most critical parts of any document. Unfortunately, theyre also often the weakest. Most people have no idea how to write an introduction that grabs the readers attention. And even more people neglect to write a conclusion altogether. But there are four basic types of intro and ending that you can use for most documents. Here are two of them. Getting started Many people follow the misguided advice to start somewhere in the middle and write the introduction last. But getting your introduction right doesnt just attract the reader, it also helps your document flow as you write. So begin writing your introduction first. One of the most effective types of introduction is the historical beginning. This type of introduction contrasts what used to happen last year/century or whenever with whats happening now, and creates a real sense of movement in your readers mind. For example: Ten years ago, the marketing budget was 3 million a year. Now that figure has almost tripled. Now youve got your readers attention, theyll almost certainly be eager to know why the budget has increased so much. Start telling them, and theyre hooked. Closure The conclusion is your opportunity to leave a lasting impression and keep what youve written in the readers mind. One good way to do this is to look forward, or predict the future. For example: The annual report shows that growth has been steady, but sales still need to improve for the upturn to continue. You can find out more about effective intros and endings on an Emphasis in-company or public course. Or you can email to ask us about how we can help your organisation. Back to High-impact business writing course.

The implementation of safe injecting rooms within Australian cities is Essay

The implementation of safe injecting rooms within Australian cities is a controversial one. Discuss the health care arguments for and against the implementation of these rooms - Essay Example Though an intensely contested term, harm minimization recognizes that while illicit drug use can never be fully eradicated, measures can be implemented to minimize its negative consequences. The core aim of this approach is to enhance the health and socio-economic results for both the society and the individual via a balanced application of three main strategies; supply reduction, harm reduction, and demand reduction. In Australia, the implementation of harm minimization strategies is an intricate, yet controversial issue. While there is an extensive agreement on the necessity to adopt an integrated approach to the drug menace in Australia, there are opposing views concerning the effectiveness of the drug policies. As a consequence, protagonists back fresh â€Å"innovative† drug strategies (considered radical by antagonists) such as supervised injecting facilities (Green2002, p.28). The divergence of view has led to the polarization of the debate centering on such issues. The supervised injecting facilities debate reached fever pitch between 1999 and 2001 when Australia Capital Territory, Victoria, and New South Wales attempted to launch such facilities. The debate was characterized by an enhanced level of conflict between groups with divergent moral and political beliefs regarding drug use. The use of illicit drugs within Australian society has become prevalent over the years. A National Drug Household Survey (1998) revealed that about 46.4% of the Australians (aged 14 years and above) have used a prohibited drug once in their life, with an approximate 22.8% reporting to have used a banned drug within the prior 12 months. Safe injecting rooms (also referred to as safe injecting facilities) represent legally endorsed, indoor facilities, where injecting drug use transpires under the direction of medically trained personnel, and in safe and hygienic state with access to a wide range of sterilized injecting equipment (Green2002, p.29). The